Second-order quadrupole shift for static crystal.

Home and Applets > Quadrupole Interaction > Definition > Second-Order Quadrupole Shift in Static NMR

Second-order quadrupole shift for static crystal

The second-order quadrupole interaction is related to V(2,±1) and V(2,±2):

second-order quadrupole interaction

In static NMR experiment, V(2,k) is defined by

EFG tensor component V(2,0)

The second-order quadrupole interaction shifts the energy level |m> by an amount:

Energy level shift due to the second-order quadrupole interaction

In the spectrum, the second-order quadrupole shift of the line position associated with the transition (m - 1,m) is

Line position due to the second-order quadrupole interaction
Line position due to the second-order quadrupole interaction

For the central-transition line with m = 1/2, the second-order quadrupole shift is

Central ine position due to the second-order quadrupole interaction
Central ine position due to the second-order quadrupole interaction

with

Coefficients A, B, and C

We also provide Mathematica notebook for calculating the three expressions 2V(2,1)V(2,-1), V(2,2)V(2,-2), and 2V(2,1)V(2,-1) + V(2,2)V(2,-2). Their analytical expressions can be determined as follows:

(1) Select and copy the following green lines; then paste them into a cell of Mathematica, a software for numerical and symbolic calculations.

(2) Press "Ctrl-A" for select all; then press "Shift-enter" for evaluate cells.
(Or in the menu bar, select Kernel > Evaluation > Evaluate Cells)

Using Mathematica-5 running with a 3-GHz processor, these analytical expressions are obtained in 5 seconds.


(*V2pas is a row-matrix with 3 columns containing the 3 nonzero eigenvalues 
of the EFG expressed as a 2-nd rang spherical tensor,in eq unit*)

V2pas={{eta/2,Sqrt[3/2],eta/2}};

(*D21 and D2m1 are reduced forms (3 rows x 1 column) of the 2-
    nd order Wigner active rotation matrix*)

D21={{-(1/2)(1+Cos[beta1])Sin[beta1]*E^(-I(2alpha1+gamma1))},
      {Sqrt[3/8]Sin[2beta1]*E^(-I gamma1)},
      {(1/2)(1-Cos[beta1])Sin[beta1]*E^(I(2alpha1-gamma1))}};

D2m1={{-(1/2)(1-Cos[beta1])Sin[beta1]*E^(I(-2alpha1+gamma1))},
      {-Sqrt[3/8]Sin[2beta1]*E^(I gamma1)},
      {(1/2)(1+Cos[beta1])Sin[beta1]*E^(I(2alpha1+gamma1))}};

(*V21static and V2m1static are expressions in eq units*)

V21static=FullSimplify[V2pas.ComplexExpand[D21]];
V2m1static=FullSimplify[V2pas.ComplexExpand[D2m1]];

(*V1static is an expression in eq.eq units*)

V1static=Expand[2*V21static*V2m1static];

V1static=Expand[V1static /.{
          Sin[beta1]^2 -> 1-Cos[beta1]^2,
          Cos[alpha1]^2 -> (1+Cos[2 alpha1])/2,
          Sin[alpha1]^2 -> (1-Cos[2 alpha1])/2}];

(*A1 is in eq.eq units*)
A1=(-3/2)*Collect[Expand[(-2/3)V1static],{Cos[beta1]^4,Cos[beta1]^2}];

(*************************************************)

(*D22 and D2m2 are reduced forms (3 rows x 1 column) of the 2-
    nd order Wigner active rotation matrix*)

D22={{(1/4)(1+Cos[beta1])^2*E^(-2I(alpha1+gamma1))},
      {Sqrt[3/8]Sin[beta1]^2*E^(-2I gamma1)},
      {(1/4)(1-Cos[beta1])^2*E^(2I(alpha1-gamma1))}};

D2m2={{(1/4)(1-Cos[beta1])^2*E^(-2I(alpha1-gamma1))},
      {Sqrt[3/8]Sin[beta1]^2*E^(2I gamma1)},
      {(1/4)(1+Cos[beta1])^2*E^(2I(alpha1+gamma1))}};

(*V22static and V2m2static are expressions in eq units*)

V22static=FullSimplify[V2pas.ComplexExpand[D22]];
V2m2static=FullSimplify[V2pas.ComplexExpand[D2m2]];

(*V2static is an expression in eq.eq units*)
V2static=TrigExpand[V22static*V2m2static];

V2static=Expand[V2static /.{
          Sin[beta1]^2 -> 1-Cos[beta1]^2,
          Sin[beta1]^4 -> 1-2  Cos[beta1]^2+Cos[beta1]^4,
          Sin[alpha1]^4 -> 1-2  Cos[alpha1]^2+Cos[alpha1]^4,
          Sin[2alpha1]^2 -> 1-Cos[2alpha1]^2,
          Sin[alpha1]^2 -> 1-Cos[alpha1]^2}];

V2static=Expand[V2static /.{
          Cos[alpha1]^2 -> (1+Cos[2alpha1])/2,
          Cos[alpha1]^4 -> (1+Cos[2alpha1])^2/4}];

(*A2 and B are in eq.eq units*)
A2=(3/2)*Collect[Expand[(2/3)V2static],{Cos[beta1]^4,Cos[beta1]^2}];

B=(-3/2)*Collect[Expand[(-2/3)(A1+A2)],{Cos[beta1]^4,Cos[beta1]^2}];

(***************************************************)

(*Suppression of the double curve brackets {{}} of A1, A2, and B*)
Print["2V21*V2m1 = ",(e^2)(q^2) A1[[1,1]]];
Print["V22*V2m2 = ",(e^2)(q^2) A2[[1,1]]];
Print["2V21*V2m1 + V22*V2m2 = ",(e^2)(q^2) B[[1,1]]];

Remove[V2pas,eta,D21,D2m1,D22,D2m2, alpha1,beta1,gamma1,V21static,V2m1static, 
    V1static,V22static,V2m2static, V2static, A1, A2, B];
      

Solid-state NMR bibliography for:

Aluminum-27
Antimony-121/123
Arsenic-75
Barium-135/137
Beryllium-9
Bismuth-209
Boron-11
Bromine-79/81
Calcium-43
Cesium-133
Chlorine-35/37
Chromium-53
Cobalt-59
Copper-63/65
Deuterium-2
Gallium-69/71
Germanium-73
Gold-197
Hafnium-177/179
Indium-113/115
Iodine-127
Iridium-191/193
Krypton-83
Lanthanum-139
Lithium-7
Magnesium-25
Manganese-55
Mercury-201
Molybdenum-95/97
Neon-21
Nickel-61
Niobium-93
Nitrogen-14
Osmium-189
Oxygen-17
Palladium-105
Potassium-39/41
Rhenium-185/187
Rubidium-85/87
Ruthenium-99/101
Scandium-45
Sodium-23
Strontium-87
Sulfur-33
Tantalum-181
Titanium-47/49
Vanadium-51
Xenon-131
Zinc-67
Zirconium-91
[Contact me] - Last updated August 30, 2020
Copyright © 2002-2024 pascal-man.com. All rights reserved.