Sodium-23 NMR

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Isotope Spin Natural
abundance (%)
Quadrupole moment
(10-30m2)
Relative
sensitivity
Absolute
sensitivity
NMR frequency (MHz)
at a field of 2.3488T
Reference
sample
Na-23 3/2 100 10.4 9.25E-2 9.25E-2 -26.451 NaCl

Directory of solid-state Na-23 NMR references
Single Crystal Crystalline Powder
Micro-Porous, Na2HPO4 NaH2PO4, Na2SO4, Na2SO3, NaCl, NaNO3, NaNO2...
Amorphous Powder

Solid-state sodium NMR references

  1. Fenfen Wang, Sanath K. Ramakrishna, Pingchuan Sun, and Riqiang Fu
    Triple-pulse excitation: An efficient way for suppressing background signals and eliminating radio-frequency acoustic ringing in direct polarization NMR experiments,
    J. Magn. Reson. 332, 107067/1-107067/8 (2021).
    Abstract
  2. Pedro B. Groszewicz
    NMR spectroscopy of electroceramics – Applications to lead-free perovskite oxides,
    Open Ceram. 5, 100083/1-100083/17 (2021).
    Open access
  3. Yanting Jin, Pieter C. M. M. Magusin, Simone Sturniolo, Evan Wenbo Zhao, Dongxun Lyu, Shunsuke Yamamoto, George G. Malliaras, and Clare P. Grey
    Operando NMR visualization of ion dynamics in PEDOT:PSS,
    Nature portfolio (2021).
    Abstract
  4. Sonja Egert, Mao-Hua Zhang, Jurij Koruza, Pedro B. Groszewicz, and Gerd Buntkowsky
    23Na NMR spectroscopic quantification of the antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase coexistence in sodium niobate,
    J. Phys. Chem. C 124, 23852-23858 (2020).
    Abstract
  5. Mao-Hua Zhang, Lovro Fulanović, Sonja Egert, Hui Ding, Pedro B. Groszewicz, Hans-Joachim Kleebe, Leopoldo Molina-Luna , and Jurij Koruza
    Electric-field-induced antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phase transition in polycrystalline NaNbO3,
    Acta Materialia 200, 127-135 (2020).
    Abstract
  6. W. M. J. Franssen, E. S. Blaakmeer, and A. P. M. Kentgens
    Satellite nutation of half integer quadrupolar nuclei: Theory and practice,
    J. Magn. Reson. 300, 41-50 (2019).
    Open access
  7. Jian Zhi Hu, Xin Zhang, Nicholas R. Jaegers, Chuan Wan, Trent R. Graham, Mary Hu, Carolyn I. Pearce, Andrew R. Felmy, Sue B. Clark, and Kevin M. Rosso
    Transitions in Al coordination during Gibbsite crystallization using high-field 27Al and 23Na MAS NMR spectroscopy,
    J. Phys. Chem. C 121, 27555-27562 (2017).
    Abstract
  8. Henri Colaux, Daniel M. Dawson, and Sharon E. Ashbrook
    Investigating FAM-N pulses for signal enhancement in MQMAS NMR of quadrupolar nuclei,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 84, 89-102 (2017).
    Open access
  9. A. L. Smith, P. E. Raison, L. Martel, T. Charpentier, I. Farnan, D. Prieur, C. Hennig, A. C. Scheinost, R. J. M. Konings, and A. K. Cheetham
    A 23Na magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, XANES, and high-temperature X-ray diffraction study of NaUO3, Na4UO5, and Na2U2O7,
    Inorg. Chem. 53, 375-382 (2014).
    Abstract
  10. A. Baasner, B. C. Schmidt, R. Dupree, and S. L. Webb
    Fluorine speciation as a function of composition in peralkaline and peraluminous Na2O–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses: A multinuclear NMR study,
    Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 132, 151-169 (2014).
    Abstract
  11. T. Leigh Spencer, Gillian R. Goward, and Alex D. Bain
    Complete description of the interactions of a quadrupolar nucleus with a radiofrequency field. Implications for data fitting,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 53, 20-26 (2013).
    Abstract
  12. Laura Martel, Sylvian Cadars, Emmanuel Véron, Dominique Massiot, and Michäel Deschamps
    Effects of the orientation of the 23Na–29Si dipolar vector on the dipolar mediated heteronuclear solid state NMR correlation spectrum of crystalline sodium silicates,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 45-46, 1-10 (2012).
    Abstract
  13. Thorsten Goebel, Alim Ormeci, Oliver Pecher, and Frank Haarmann
    The silicides M4Si4 with M = Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ba2Si4 – NMR spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations,
    Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 638, 1437-1445 (2012).
    Abstract
  14. Thorsten Goebel, Yurii Prots, Alim Ormeci, Oliver Pecher, and Frank Haarmann
    Synthesis, crystal structure and chemical bonding of the Zintl phase Rb7NaSi8,
    Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 637, 1982-1991 (2011).
    Abstract
  15. Margriet H. W. Verkuijlen, Jinbao Gao, Philipp Adelhelm, P. Jan M. van Bentum, Petra E. de Jongh, and Arno P. M. Kentgens
    Solid-state NMR studies of the local structure of NaAlH4/C nanocomposites at different stages of hydrogen desorption and rehydrogenation,
    J. Phys. Chem. C 114, 4683-4692 (2010).
    Abstract
  16. Suresh Kumar Vasa, Ernst R. H. van Eck, J. W. G. Janssen, and Arno P. M. Kentgens
    Full quadrupolar tensor determination by NMR using a micro-crystal spinning at the magic angle,
    Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 4813-4820 (2010).
    Abstract
  17. C. Martineau, V. K. Michaelis, S. Schuller, and S. Kroeker
    Liquid-liquid phase separation in model nuclear waste glasses: A solid-state double resonance NMR study,
    Chem. Mater. 22, 4896-4903 (2010).
    Abstract
  18. S. Kroeker, C. S. Higman, V. K. Michaelis, N. B. Svenda, and S. Schuller
    Precipitation of mixed-alkali molybdates during HLW vitrification,
    Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1265, AA03-03-09 (2010).
    Abstract
  19. Mattias Edén
    Two-dimensional MAS NMR correlation protocols involving double-quantum filtering of quadrupolar spin-pairs,
    J. Magn. Reson. 204, 99-110 (2010).
    Abstract
  20. T. Pathmalingam, F. Habib, C. M. Widdifield, F. Loiseau, T. J. Burchell, S. I. Gorelsky, A. M. Beauchemin, D. L. Bryce, and M. Murugesu
    Combining oximes with azides to create a novel 1D chain [NaCoIII2] system: synthesis, structure, and solid-state NMR,
    Dalton Trans. 39, 1504-1510 (2010).
    Abstract
  21. Nicole M. Trease, Krishna K. Dey, and Philip J. Grandinetti
    Optimum excitation of "enhanced" central transition populations,
    J. Magn. Reson. 200, 334-339 (2009).
    Abstract
  22. David Rovnyak and Paul E. Kennedy
    Application of shaped adiabatic pulses to MQMAS NMR spectroscopy of spin 3/2 nuclei,
    J. Magn. Reson. 196, 191-199 (2009).
    Abstract
  23. Olivier Lafon, Qiang Wang, Bingwen Hu, Filipe Vasconcelos, Julien Trébosc, Sylvain Cristol, Feng Deng, and Jean-Paul Amoureux
    Indirect detection via spin-1/2 nuclei in solid state NMR spectroscopy: Application to the observation of proximities between protons and quadrupolar nuclei,
    J. Phys. Chem. A 113, 12864-12878 (2009).
    Abstract
  24. David Rovnyak and Paul E. Kennedy
    Application of shaped adiabatic pulses to MQMAS NMR spectroscopy of spin 3/2 nuclei,
    J. Magn. Reson. 196, 191-199 (2009).
    Abstract
  25. Mattias Edén
    Homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei: Techniques and applications,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 36, 1-10 (2009).
    Abstract
  26. Zhen Wu and Shangwu Ding
    Prevention of spinning induced sample deterioration during long time solid state NMR experiments of quadrupolar spin systems,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 35, 214-216 (2009).
    Abstract
  27. Sharon E. Ashbrook and Stephen Wimperis
    Spin-locking of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in nuclear magnetic resonance of solids: Second-order quadrupolar and resonance offset effects,
    J. Chem. Phys. 131, 194509/1-194509/15 (2009).
    Abstract
  28. M. Nausner, J. Brus, M. Häubl, N. Müller, and W. Schoefberger
    Characterization of the sodium binding sites in microcrystalline ATP by 23Na-solid-state NMR and ab initio calculations,
    Inorg. Chim. Acta 362, 1071-1077 (2009).
    Abstract
  29. Renée Siegel, João Rocha, and Luís Mafra
    Combining STMAS and CRAMPS NMR spectroscopy: High-resolution HETCOR NMR spectra of quadrupolar and 1H nuclei in solids,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 470, 337-341 (2009).
    Abstract
  30. Mattias Edén
    Determination of absolute quadrupolar tensor orientations by double-quantum NMR on powders,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 470, 318-324 (2009).
    Abstract
  31. Andreas Brinkmann, Arno P. M. Kentgens, Tiit Anupõld, and Ago Samoson
    Symmetry-based recoupling in double-rotation NMR spectroscopy,
    J. Chem. Phys. 129, 174507/1-174507/11 (2008).
    Abstract
  32. J. F. Zhu, N. Trefiak, T. Woo, and Y. N. Huang
    An investigation of the adsorption of aromatic hydrocarbons in zeolite Na-Y by solid-state NMR spectroscopy,
    Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 114, 474-484 (2008).
  33. L. Gueudre, A. A. Quoineaud, G. Pirngruber, and P. Leflaive
    Evidence of multiple cation site occupation in zeolite NaY with high Si/Al ratio,
    J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 10899-10908 (2008).
  34. E. S. Mananga, C. D. Hsu, S. Ishmael, T. Islam, and G. S. Boutis
    Probing the validity of average Hamiltonian theory for spin I = 1, 3/2 and 5/2 nuclei by analyzing a simple two-pulse sequence,
    J. Magn. Reson. 193, 10-22 (2008).
  35. C. Tien, E. V. Charnaya, M. K. Lee, S. V. Baryshnikov, D. Michel, W. Bohlmann
    NMR studies of structure and ferroelectricity for Rochelle salt nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous sieves,
    J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20, 215205/1-215205/6 (2008).
  36. M. Inukai and K. Takeda
    Studies on multiple-quantum magic-angle-spinning NMR of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei under strong rf pulses with a microcoil,
    Concepts Magn. Reson. B 33, 115-123 (2008).
  37. B. Hu, J. P. Amoureux, J. Trebosc, and S. Hafner
    Through-space MP-CPMAS experiments between spin-1/2 and half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR,
    J. Magn. Reson. 192, 8-16 (2008).
  38. M. J. Thrippleton, T. J. Ball, and S. Wimperis
    Satellite transitions acquired in real time by magic angle spinning (STARTMAS): "Ultrafast" high-resolution MAS NMR spectroscopy of spin I = 3/2 nuclei ,
    J. Chem. Phys. 128, 34507/1-34507/9 (2008).
  39. T. Gullion
    Dipolar recoupling of I = 1/2, S = 3/2 spin pairs with SEDOR for static and spinning samples,
    Magn. Reson. Chem. 45, S65-S67 (2008).
  40. M. Xu and K. D. M. Harris
    Triple-quantum 23Na MAS NMR spectroscopy as a technique for probing polymorphism in sodium salts,
    Cryst. Growth Des. 8, 6-10 (2008).
  41. A. Quintas, T. Charpentier, O. Majérus, D. Caurant, J.-L. Dussossoy, and P. Vermaut
    NMR study of a rare-earth aluminoborosilicate glass with varying CaO-to-Na2O ratio,
    Appl. Magn. Reson. 32, 613-634 (2007).
    Abstract
  42. W. Stroiek, C. M. Felise, H. Eckert, B. Ewald, and R. Kniep
    Site discrimination in the crystalline borophosphate Na5B2P3O13 using advanced solid-state NMR techniques,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 32, 89-98 (2007).
  43. C. M. Widdifield, J. A. Tang, C. L. B. Macdonald, and R. W. Schurko
    Investigation of structure and dynamics in the sodium metallocenes CpNa and CpNa·THF via solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction and computational modelling,
    Magn. Reson. Chem. 45, S116-S128 (2007).
  44. Vladimir K. Michaelis, Pedro M. Aguiar, and Scott Kroeker
    Probing alkali coordination environments in alkali borate glasses by multinuclear magnetic resonance,
    J. Non-Cryst. Solids 353, 2582-2590 (2007).
  45. J. F. Zhu, N. Mosey, T. Woo, and Y. N. Huang
    Study of the adsorption of toluene in zeolite LiNa-Y by solid-state NMR Spectroscopy,
    J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 13427-13436 (2007).
  46. M. T. Rinke, L. Zhang, and H. Eckert
    Structural integration of tellurium oxide into mixed-network-former glasses: connectivity distribution in the system NaPO3-TeO2,
    ChemPhysChem. 8, 1988-1998 (2007).
  47. J. Trebosc, B. Hu, J. P. Amoureux, and Z. Gan
    Through-space R3-HETCOR experiments between spin-1/2 and half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR,
    J. Magn. Reson. 186, 220-227 (2007).
  48. G. Mali
    Spin-locking and recoupling of homonuclear dipolar interaction between spin-3/2 nuclei under magic-angle sample spinning,
    J. Magn. Reson. 185, 318-325 (2007).
  49. F. Angeli, M. Gaillard, P. Jollivet, and T. Charpentier
    Contribution of 43Ca MAS NMR for probing the structural configuration of calcium in glass,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 440, 324-328 (2007).
  50. J. Trebosc, J.-P. Amoureux, and Z. H. Gan
    Comparison of high-resolution solid-state NMR MQMAS and STMAS methods for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 31, 1-9 (2007).
  51. P. Florian, E. M. Anghel, and C. Bessada
    Structural description of the Na2B4O7-Na3AlF6-TiO2 system. 2. A multinuclear NMR approach of melts and solids,
    J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 968-978 (2007).
  52. M. Alecci, S. Romanzetti, J. Kaffanke, A. Celik, H. P. Wegener, and N. J. Shah
    Practical design of a 4 Tesla double-tuned RF surface coil for interleaved 1H and 23Na MRI of rat brain,
    J. Magn. Reson. 181, 203-211 (2006).
    Abstract
  53. M. Eden, D. Zhou, and J. H. Yu
    Improved double-quantum NMR correlation spectroscopy of dipolar-coupled quadrupolar spins,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 431, 397-403 (2006).
  54. C. Martineau, M. Body, C. Legein, G. Silly, J. Y. Buzaré, and F. Fayon
    Multinuclear high-resolution NMR study of compounds from the ternary system NaF-CaF2-AlF3: From determination to modeling of NMR parameters,
    Inorg. Chem. 45, 10215-10223 (2006).
  55. D. L. Bryce, S. Adiga, E. K. Elliott, and G. W. Gokel
    Solid-state 23Na NMR study of sodium lariat ether receptors exhibiting cation-π interactions,
    J. Phys. Chem. A 110, 13568-13577 (2006).
  56. S. E. Ashbrook, L. Le-Polles, R. Gautier, C. J. Pickard, and R. I. Walton
    23Na multiple-quantum MAS NMR of the perovskites NaNbO3 and NaTaO3,
    Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 3423-3431 (2006).
  57. M. Itoh, I. Yamauchi, T. Kozuka, T. Suzuki, T. Yamauchi, J. Yamaura, and Y. Ueda
    Charge disproportionation and metal-insulator transition in the quasi-one-dimensional conductor βNa0.33V2O5: 23Na NMR study of a single crystal,
    Phys. Rev. B 74, 54434/1-54434/14 (2006).
  58. X. Y. Wen, X. J. Ai, J. X. Dong, J. Yang, C. H. Ye, and F. Deng
    Reaction of layered sodium disilicate SKS-6 with calcium chloride solution as revealed by solid state NMR spectroscopy: Exploring the calcium ion extracting mechanism of SKS-6,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 30, 89-97 (2006).
  59. S. P. Puls and H. Eckert
    Site discrimination in mixed-alkali glasses studied by cross-polarization NMR,
    J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 14253-14261 (2006).
  60. F. Muñoz, L. Montagne, L. Delevoye, A. Duran, L. Pascual, S. Cristol, and J. F. Paul
    Phosphate speciation in sodium borosilicate glasses studied by nuclear magnetic resonance,
    J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 2958-2968 (2006).
  61. C. C. de-Araujo, W. Strojek, L. Zhang, H. Eckert, G. Poirier, S. J. L. Ribeiro, and Y. Messaddeq
    Structural studies of NaPO3-WO3 glasses by solid state NMR and Raman spectroscopy,
    J. Mater. Chem. 16, 3277-3284 (2006).
  62. X. Xu and R. J. Kirkpatrick
    NaCl interaction with interfacially polymerized polyamide films of reverse osmosis membranes: A solid-state 23Na NMR study,
    J. Membrane Sci. 280, 226-233 (2006).
  63. R. Kharrazian and P. M. Jakob
    Dynamics of 23Na during completely balanced steady-state free precession,
    J. Magn. Reson. 179, 73-84 (2006).
  64. M. Edén
    Quadrupolar coupling selective cross-polarization in solid state NMR,
    Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 1994-1999 (2006).
  65. A. Y. H. Lo, R. W. Schurko, M. Vettraino, B. O. Skadtchenko, M. Trudeau, and D. M. Antonelli
    Solid-state 23Na and 7Li NMR investigations of sodium- and lithium-reduced mesoporous titanium oxides,
    Inorg. Chem. 45, 1828-1838 (2006).
  66. M. Nyman, A. J. Celestian, J. B. Parise, G. P. Holland, and T. M. Alam
    Solid-state structural characterization of a rigid framework of lacunary heteropolyniobates,
    Inorg. Chem. 45, 1043-1052 (2006).
  67. M. Kotecha, S. Chaudhuri, C. P. Grey, and L. Frydman
    Dynamic effects in MAS and MQMAS NMR spectra of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei: Calculations and an application to the double perovskite cryolite,
    J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 16701-16712 (2005).
  68. C. H. Liao, P. C. Chang, H. M. Kao, and K. H. Lii
    Synthesis, crystal structure, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy of a salt-inclusion stannosilicate: [Na3F][SnSi3O9],
    Inorg. Chem. 44, 9335-9339 (2005).
  69. R. Kumar, W. Ling, W. Schoefberger, and A. Jerschow
    Separated quadrupolar field experiment,
    J. Magn. Reson. 172, 209-213 (2005).
  70. J. D. Epping, W. Strojek, and H. Eckert
    Cation environments and spatial distribution in Na2O-B2O3 glasses: New results from solid state NMR,
    Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 2384-2389 (2005).
  71. H. Trill, H. Eckert, and V. I. Srdanov
    NMR study of interacting F centers in Na8[Al6Si6O24]Cl2 sodalite,
    Phys. Rev. B 71, 014412/1-014412/6 (2005).
  72. J. P. Amoureux, L. Delevoye, S. Steuernagel, Z. Gan, S. Ganapathy, and L. Montagne
    Increasing the sensitivity of 2D high-resolution NMR methods applied to quadrupolar nuclei,
    J. Magn. Reson. 172, 268-278 (2005).
  73. C. Johnson, E. A. Moore, and M. Mortimer
    Periodic ab initio calculation of nuclear quadrupole parameters as an assignment tool in solid-state NMR spectroscopy: applications to 23Na NMR spectra of crystalline materials,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 27, 155-164 (2005).
  74. G. Silly, C. Legein, J. Y. Buzaré, and F. Calvayrac
    Electric field gradients in fluoride crystalline powders: correlation of NMR measurements with ab initio calculations,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 25, 241-251 (2004).
  75. R. Siegel, T. T. Nakashima, and R. E. Wasylishen
    Signal enhancement of NMR spectra of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solids using hyperbolic secant pulses,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 388, 441-445 (2004).
  76. R. W. Schurko, M. J. Willans, B. Skadtchenko, and D. M. Antonelli
    Solid-state 23Na and 13C NMR characterization of Na3C60,
    J. Solid State Chem. 177, 2255-2264 (2004).
  77. G. Mali and V. Kaucic
    Enhancing sensitivity or resolution of homonuclear correlation experiment for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei,
    J. Magn. Reson. 171, 48-56 (2004).
  78. A. Wong, R. D. Whitehead, Z. H. Gan, and G. Wu
    A solid-state NMR and computational study of sodium and potassium tetraphenylborates: 23Na and 39K NMR signatures for systems containing cation-pi interactions,
    J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 10551-10559 (2004).
  79. T. G. Ajithkumar, E. R. H. van-Eck, and A. P. M. Kentgens
    Homonuclear correlation experiments for quadrupolar nuclei, spinning away from the magic angle,
    Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. 26, 180-186 (2004).
  80. A. Goldbourt, E. Vinogradov, G. Goobes, and S. Vega
    High resolution heteronuclear correlation NMR spectroscopy between quadrupolar nuclei and protons in the solid state,
    J. Magn. Reson. 169, 342-350 (2004).
  81. Z. H. Gan and H. T. Kwak
    Enhancing MQMAS sensitivity using signals from multiple coherence transfer pathways,
    J. Magn. Reson. 168, 346-351 (2004).
  82. H. X. Yang, R. I. Walton, S. Antonijevic, S. Wimperis, and A. C. Hannon
    Local order of amorphous zeolite precursors from 29Si[1H] CPMAS and 27Al and 23Na MQMAS NMR and evidence for the nature of medium-range order from neutron diffraction,
    J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 8208-8217 (2004).
  83. G. Mali and F. Taulelle
    Detecting proximities between quadrupolar nuclei by double-quantum NMR,
    Chem. Commun. 868-869 (2004).
  84. S. E. Ashbrook and S. Wimperis
    Spin-locking of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in nuclear magnetic resonance of solids: Creation and evolution of coherences,
    J. Chem. Phys. 120, 2719-2731 (2004).
  85. T. Bräuniger, K. Ramaswamy, and P. K. Madhu
    Enhancement of the central-transition signal in static and magic-angle-spinning NMR of quadrupolar nuclei by frequency-swept fast amplitude-modulated pulses,
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 383, 403-410 (2004).
  86. Z. H. Liu, F. Deng, and S. W. Ding
    Effects of pulse strength, width, and sample spinning speed on the spectral spin diffusion of multiquantum coherences of spin-3/2 quadrupolar nuclei,
    J. Chem. Phys. 120, 740-748 (2004).
  87. A. Wong, G. Wu
    Selective binding of monovalent cations to the stacking G-quartet structure formed by guanosine 5'-monophosphate: A solid-state NMR study,
    J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 13895-13905 (2003).
  88. M. Edén and L. Frydman
    Homonuclear NMR correlations between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei undergoing magic-angle spinning,
    J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 14598-14611 (2003).
  89. A. D. Bain
    Exact calculation, using angular momentum, of combined Zeeman and quadrupolar interactions in NMR,
    Mol. Phys. 101, 3163-3175 (2003).
  90. C. M. Morais, M. Lopes, C. Fernandez, and J. Rocha
    Assessing the potential of fast amplitude modulation pulses for improving triple-quantum magic angle spinning NMR spectra of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei,
    Magn. Reson. Chem. 41, 679-688 (2003).
  91. X. J. Ai, L. Chen, J. X. Dong, C. H. Ye, and F. Deng
    Variation of sodium coordination during the hydration processes of layered sodium disilicates as studied by 23Na MQMAS and 1H <-> 23Na CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy,
    J. Mater. Chem. 13, 614-621 (2003).
  92. M. J. Willans and R. W. Schurko
    A solid-state NMR and ab initio study of sodium metallocenes,
    J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 5144-5161 (2003).

Related bibliography

  1. João Teles, Eduardo R. DeAzevedo, Jair C. C. Freitas, Roberto S. Sarthour, Ivan S. Oliveira, and Tito J. Bonagamba
    Quantum information processing by nuclear magnetic resonance on quadrupolar nuclei,
    Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 370, 4770-4793 (2012).
    Open access
  2. Jonathan Mitchell and Edmund J. Fordham
    Sodium-23 NMR in porous media,
    Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 269, 109-112 (2018).
    Abstract
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